The dissolution biochemistry signifies two types of. Revised glossary for aqa gcse chemistry combined science. This is much cleaner than the traditional heap leaching using cyanide. Biomining is the extraction of specific metals from their ores through biological means, usually microorganism. Apr 17, 2004 bioleaching definition is the extraction of valuable metals such as copper and gold from ores through the action of microorganisms such as bacteria. The stem provides support for the leaves and flowers. Explore the latest questions and answers in bioleaching, and find bioleaching experts. These salttolerant microorganisms have been used to develop bioleaching cultures that could be used for biomining operations where fresh water is. Gcse science chemistry 91 alternative methods of extracting,24 dec 2017.
Gcse chemistry extraction of copper bioleaching phytomining,the. Ocr gateway gcse 91 chemistry for combined science student. Scrap iron can then be used to displace the copper from the leachate. In this new study, vanessa brisson and lisa alvarezcohen from the university of california, berkeley, ca, usa, and weiqin zhuang from the university of auckland, auckland, new zealand, investigate bioleaching of rare earth elements rees from monazite sand as a potential alternative to conventional extraction. Bioleaching principles, mechanisms, and applications for extraction of zinc, nickel, and cobalt are illustrated. Bioleaching top journals bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site. Oct 15, 2016 biomining is the extraction of specific metals from their ores through biological means, usually microorganism. Bioleaching of metal sulfides is caused by diverse groups of bacteria. Bioleaching does not need high temperatures, but it produces toxic. Bioleaching of lowgrade copper ores produces a solution of copper sulfate. Gcse science jump to navigation jump to search there are several main points within the metals topic, which are. Gcse science chemistry 91 oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons duration.
Bioleaching definition of bioleaching by merriamwebster. Cgps gcse science range is packed with everything you need for the 91 courses. The 91 aqa trilogy specification for gcse combined science, examined from summer 2018. Due to an increase in consumerism, heightened dependence on technology, and an overall world population growth, more and more minerals and metals need to be extracted from the earths surface as shown in figure 1. Figure 6 shows apparatus used to obtain copper from copper sulfate solution. Aqa gcse 91 chemistry for combined science trilogy student. New methods of copper extraction exploit waste ores and low grade ores phytomining involves growing plants on top of low grade ores. Bioleaching is one of several applications within biohydrometallurgy and several methods are used to recover copper, zinc, lead, arsenic, antimony, nickel, molybdenum, gold, silver, and cobalt. Gcse science a chemistry foundation tier unit chemistry c1.
The environmental consequences of mining and quarrying are vast, as highlighted in the mining section. The root hairs provide a large surface area for water and salt uptake. The traditional method of extraction is to heat the copper sulfide. Apr 03, 2017 gcse science chemistry 91 oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons duration.
Core science science a this is the first of the gcses that your sondaughter can get in science. Extraction of metals from ores or soil by biological processes, mostly by microorganisms. Copperii oxide can be reduced by reaction with carbon some copper ores may contain only small amounts of copper. Furthermore, ferrous ions promoted chalcopyrite bioleaching below the critical potential, in this case around of 430 mv, which caused enhanced copper removal on days 115. These salttolerant microorganisms have been used to develop bioleaching cultures that could be used for biomining operations where fresh water is scarce or where the leach liquors are salty. Bioleaching definition is the extraction of valuable metals such as copper and gold from ores through the action of microorganisms such as bacteria. Explain the steps needed to extract metals using phytomining. Gcse science chemistry 91 alternative methods of extracting metals freesciencelessons. Chalcopyrite cufes 2 is the most important copper ore, comprising approximately 70% of copper reserves in the world 1,2. Some copper ores may contain only small amounts of copper.
Bioleaching of covellite from low grade copper sulphide. Learn the basics about future extraction methods including bioleaching and phytomining. Phytomining and bioleaching flashcards in gcse chemistry. Phytomining involves growing plants on top of low grade ores. Gcse science chemistry 91 alternative methods of extracting. Revised glossary for aqa gcse chemistry combined science trilogy student book, length. In recent years, a new discipline of mineral science namely biohydrometallurgy or. What does the process of bioleaching use to produce leachate solutions which contain metal compounds. Also included is an information sheet of the advantages and disadvantages of each method of metal. Gcse scienceplants wikibooks, open books for an open world. Bioleaching of rare earth elements advanced science news. Bioleaching top journals omics international journal of. Revised glossary for aqa gcse chemistry combined science trilogy student book. Bioleaching is the extraction of metals from their ores through the use of living organisms.
It is made up of 6 main modules two chemistry, two biology and two physics as outlined below. I have used it as resource to teach gcse physics and when covering a set 1 biology group for a colleague, and found the internet links to videos particularly helpful in engaging pupils with the more difficult material in the course. Bioleaching of metals from primary sulfide ores, polymetallic ores, and refractory gold ores and concentrates has been commercialized. Gcse science a chemistry foundation tier unit chemistry c1 thursday 19 may 2016 morning time allowed. Browse cgps bestselling secondary 91 gcse and igcse science books for combined science, biology, chemistry and physics. Using scrap iron iron is more reactive than copper. Phytomining and bioleaching for the new gcse do now. Ocr gateway gcse 91 chemistry for combined science. In other words, bioleaching is the commercialization of the ability of certain bacteria and archaea, found in nature, to catalyze the oxidation of sulfide minerals.
I have used it as resource to teach gcse physics and when covering a set 1 biology group for a colleague, and found the internet links to videos particularly helpful in engaging pupils with. Bioleaching is the extraction of a metal from sulfide ores or concentrates using materials found native to the environment. The solution is called a leachate and the process is called bioleaching. Bioleaching definition of bioleaching by medical dictionary. Bio leaching group members mehwish nazeer, kanza saleem, nazish mehmood m.
They characterize the bioleaching performance of two newly. Alkali and transition metals, the reactivity series, displacement reactions, metal extraction from their ores, the ph scale indicators and neutralisation, and salts. The process of extracting the specific and useful metals from their ores using the bacterial organisms is defines as bioleaching. The plants absorb copper ions through their roots the plants are then burnt to ashes containing copper ions. Bioleaching microbial leaching, being an economical and environmental friendly process, is investigated extensively for metal extraction from secondary solid wastes, viz. Bioleaching factsheet that allows independent learning. The researchers have found bioleaching microbes in mine sites and acid sulphate soils in the west australian wheatbelt. Bioleaching and phytomining are increasingly used to extract copper from low grade ores see below. Questions 42 publications 21,217 questions related to bioleaching. Mineralogical characterization of chalcopyrite bioleaching. These are called low grade ores and have less than 1% copper but they are still used because copper is so valuable. These include mineral formation, mineral degradation, sedimentation and geochemical cycling. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Bioleaching top journals omics international journal. Currently, heap bioleaching is the most convenient technology to treat low grade copper sulphide ores bearing chalcopyrite, chalcocite and covellite. Revised glossary for aqa gcse chemistry student book by collins,28 feb 2017. Biomining is done in two steps often called bioleaching and biooxidation.
Csiro environmental microbiologist suzy rea, who led the research, says the bacteria could one day be used in bioleaching, a process that uses microorganisms to extract metals from ore. Gcse sciencemetals wikibooks, open books for an open world. The process of extracting the specific and useful metals from their ores using the bacterial organisms is. The process of leaching metals from ore by using bacteria or fungi to convert the metals into a soluble form.
Science a chemistry revision science gcse and alevel. Mesophiles moderately thermophilic bacteria extremophiles. Aqa gcse revision video phytomining and bioleaching check the website for a. In recent years, a new discipline of mineral science namely biohydrometallurgy. In microbial leaching or bioleaching metals can be extracted from large quantities of low grade ores this process has been used for centuries to recover copper form the drainage water of mines the role of microbes in the bioleaching came into notice some 40 years ago.
Bioleaching application of biotechnology in mining industry. Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves the roots anchor the plant in the soil and take up water and salts mineral ions from the soil. Biohydrometallurgical processing of solid wastes is an attractive technology, through currently confined to benchscale research. Teaching from september onwards version looking bioleaching and their the. The 91 ocr gateway specification for gcse chemistry, examined from summer 2018. Gcse science chemistry 91 alternative methods of extracting metals. The students will take two exams at the end of year 10 part 1 and part 2. This is a part of the overall environmental chemistry topic. It also allows water and food to travel both up and down the plant. Learn about and revise obtaining and using metals with this bbc bitesize gcse combined science edexcel study guide.
Bioleaching has a great potential to recover valuable metals from low grade, polymetallic and complex sulfide ores due to its technical ability, relative simplicity, environmentally ecofriendly process and low capital and operational cost requirements brierley and brierley, 2001, rawlings et al. Ive been impressed with both the quality and usefulness of thinkie resources. Metal ores are a finite resource which are in limited supply. Gcse chemistry single science ocr gateway bbc bitesize. These ions are leached from the ash using sulfuric acid. Bioleaching accessscience from mcgrawhill education.
The resource is suitable to use for gcse chemistry aqa using resources and ocr chemicals of the natural environment units the first task is a sorting activity in which students sort statements related to bioleaching and phytomining. Soil microorganisms are very closely involved as catalytic agents in many geological processes. In the higher potential area days 1630, the release of copper was smaller than that in the lowerpotential region because there might not have been enough. Introduction bioleaching is the simple and effective technology for metal extraction from low grade ores and mineral concentrate by the use of micro organisms. Phytomining and bioleaching gcse triple award revision. In metallurgical applications, chalcopyrite is mainly subjected to pyrometallurgy treatment after concentration by a flotation process 3,4.
Biological methods of metal extraction higher bbc bitesize. Recent commercially relevant developments in the biohydrometallurgy of zinc are discussed with respect to brisa, hydrozinc, heap bioleaching, and stirred tank biooxidation of mixed concentrates. The metals can be recovered by the microorganisms by two processes. The economic importance of copper production in chile has prompted the study of new strategies for the optimal management of mineral resources, including processing of low grade ore and even processing tails processed ore. Methods of metal recovery by microorganisms 2 methods. Gcse science a chemistry foundation tier unit chemistry c1 thursday 18 may 2017 morning time allowed. This pack contains a pdf afl workbook focusing on the extracting metals and equilibria topic including. Bioleaching of copper, nickel and cobalt from the low. Bioleaching of copper, nickel and cobalt from the low grade. Word equation usingchemical diagram for aqa gcse science,metals and their the balanced. Extraction of copper copper is sometimes found as native metal copper ores include copperii oxide and copperii sulfide. This biotechnical process, involving bacteria, archaea, fungi, and yeast, can be applied to both sulfide and nonsulfide minerals. Objectives after the end of the presentation well know biohydrometallurgy and its applications bioleaching microorganisms involved in bioleaching bioleaching process factors and parameters influencing bioleaching advantages and disadvantages of bioleaching bioleaching of some metals gold. Jan 20, 2016 in this new study, vanessa brisson and lisa alvarezcohen from the university of california, berkeley, ca, usa, and weiqin zhuang from the university of auckland, auckland, new zealand, investigate bioleaching of rare earth elements rees from monazite sand as a potential alternative to conventional extraction.
Bioleaching factsheet and questions teaching resources. We have revision and practice for all exam boards, whichever level you re. Bioleaching commonly refers to biomining technology applied to base metals. The interest in biohydrometallurgy has increased recently in order to minimize the sulfur dioxide emissions, and to reduce energy.